Study and Analysis of Fuel Injection at Busemann Inlet at Mach 7
Kamal Darlami,
Rajan Bhandari,
Abhishek Pandey,
Sanjeev Adhikari,
Sabin Subedi
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 3, September 2020
Pages:
33-39
Received:
18 November 2020
Accepted:
1 December 2020
Published:
16 December 2020
Abstract: The incomplete mixing of fuel and the drag induced in the engine are the main problems encountered in scramjets. Proper mixing of fuel can be achieved if the fuel is injected from the inlet of the engine. The fluid domain of Busemann Inlet at Mach 7 with boundary layer fuel injection using slot injectors along the wall was simulated with hydrogen fuel. Static pressure ratio at throat and inlet, along with Mach number at the throat were the design parameters of the Busemann inlet. Hydrogen fuel injection at two different equivalence ratios (0.3 and 0.7) was simulated successively at a temperature of 100 K and Mach 2.5. The state of mixing was studied for three different injection angles (30°, 45°, and 60°) for different equivalence ratios. The injection angles do not have a substantial effect on the hydrogen fuel mixing with the mainstream flow for equivalence ratio 0.3 Whereas, the dispersion of fuel increases as the increase in injection angles for equivalence ratio 0.7. But the total pressure recovery is maintained to the design value for equivalence ratio 0.3 rather than 0.7. Similarly, 45° fuel injection maintains a higher total pressure recovery than in other injection angles of 30° and 60°. Injection technique other than slot injection can be used to study further the effect of fuel mixing in Busemann Inlet.
Abstract: The incomplete mixing of fuel and the drag induced in the engine are the main problems encountered in scramjets. Proper mixing of fuel can be achieved if the fuel is injected from the inlet of the engine. The fluid domain of Busemann Inlet at Mach 7 with boundary layer fuel injection using slot injectors along the wall was simulated with hydrogen f...
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Geodynamics of Central Armenia Based on the Results of Hydrogeochemical Monitoring
Romela Artavazd Pashayan,
John Kostik Karapetyan,
Levon Vardan Harutyunyan
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 3, September 2020
Pages:
40-46
Received:
9 November 2020
Accepted:
27 November 2020
Published:
31 December 2020
Abstract: Method for geophysical monitoring of the earth's crust has been introduced since 2000 aiming to study the earth's crust of Central Armenia. The method allows to track modern geodynamic processes of the region. The nature of time-space distribution of hydrogeodeformation processes of Central Armenia has been studied. The nature of space-time distribution of geodynamic intensity is determined. Anomalies of components of chemical composition of water have been recorded on stress-strain areas of Earth's crust. Types of seismotectonic deformation have been determined. The present work introduces the hydrogeochemical method of studying the geodynamic processes of the Earth's crust of Armenia. The method is based on hydrogeochemical observations of the chemical composition of mineral waters and their comparison with seismicity. The objective of the hydro geochemical method is to identify hydrogeochemical effects which mainly occur in the changes of macro-component and gas composition of waters related to geodynamic movements of the Earth's crust. The results of the applicaiton of the hydrogeochemical method in the central part of the region, confirmed the connection of the parameters of seismic events variations with the chemical composition of groundwater, as well as carbon dioxide (СО2) dissolved in water. Stressed areas of the Earth's crust are observed according to the anomalies of components of chemical composition of water. Types of seismotectonic deformation are determined. Geochemical anomalies are most clearly observed in the macro-component composition of mineral water and gases. Seismic events are preceded by geochemical anomalies of components of water composition in relation to background values in percentage ratio. The hydrogeochemical method, combined with other methods, can serve as a reliable precursor to earthquakes and other geodynamic processes of the Earth's crust. The role of the hydrogeochemical method is also effective for short-term and operational prediction of tectonic movements of the Earth's crust (earthquakes, in particular).
Abstract: Method for geophysical monitoring of the earth's crust has been introduced since 2000 aiming to study the earth's crust of Central Armenia. The method allows to track modern geodynamic processes of the region. The nature of time-space distribution of hydrogeodeformation processes of Central Armenia has been studied. The nature of space-time distrib...
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